An online learning space for "Culture Making in the Empire," a 2013 interim course at Calvin College taught by Rob and Kirstin Vander Giessen-Reitsma. Content from previous versions of the course are also archived here.
18 January 2009
The Kingdom of God in “The Lion King”
I believe this film incorporates some Christian ideas into their story because it is a good way of selling their movie. Who wouldn’t want to watch a movie where a character is evil or sins, yet still finds redemption? Redemption teaches a young audience hope, and this pleases the parents because the film teaches good values. So parents would then think it is worth the money to purchase products that relates to this film because it would remind their children of good values such as hope, and this in turn pleases the empire because we are being good consumers. The themes of sin and evil are seen in the film through Scar. Scar plots and kills his brother Mufasa, and then accuses Simba of causing his father’s death making Simba run away. Simba also has sinned. He has fallen into sin by being disobedient to his father because he longed to be king, and he thought to be king you had to be brave because his dad was brave, so he went to the land his father forbidden him to go. Later he was manipulated by Scar and was involved in a stampede, which caused his father’s death. He runs away and after he becomes an adult he has a chance to make amends. He finds his opportunity for redemption if he were to go back home with Nala and help rescue the Pride Lands. But he doesn’t take the chance because he sees no hope there for him because he does not want to face the guilt of his father’s death. But later he meets a wise old baboon who helps him to see that there is hope that he can rescue the Pride Lands and that he can find redemption while saving his home. Throughout this film these ideas of sin, brokenness, and redemption plays a big role in keeping the audience interested because it is appealing to the adults. It is appealing to the adults in the audience because they find comfort in knowing that their child will be forgiven and would still be innocent in the eyes of the Creator even after the child has sinned. This is a good thing for the empire because they can use the Christian themes to make money.
The film portrays life in the Pride Lands as happy and well balanced, which is evident in the harmonious lives of the animals in the Pride Lands and the fact that all animals are connected in the great circle of life. This idea that all the creatures in the Pride Lands are connected is like the idea of a Christian community, where in the Kingdom of God everyone lives as a community loving one another. Also the Kingdom of God is evident in the film when Mufasa tells Simba that “everything the light touches is [their] kingdom.” Also when Mufasa mentions the land where it is shadowed is not theirs, this represents the empire. This portion of the land is not claimed by the Kingdom of God, which shows us that the empire still exists and has a hold on the creatures/people still enslaved by the shadowed land/empire. There in that land it is desolate like the empire. The empire is desolate because in the empire the land is wasted by man-made things such as factories and corporations, which destroys the air and environment. Factories and corporations make the people still held by the empire lonely because people still trapped by the empire believe the false happiness the empire feeds them through ads, which makes them believe buying more things will make them happy. I believe this film is supporting the empire because the people who made the film know these qualities such as sin and redemption can make a big profit.
“The Lion King” was a good film, and it did portray qualities of the Kingdom of God, but the empire used that to its advantage to attract consumers like flies to a light to buy more goods relating to “The Lion King.” Through this film the empire shapes young children to be consumers because when a child likes a certain movie they are compelled to want goods relating to that movie. “The Lion King” has shaped many of us, but has it shaped us for better or for worse? I think “The Lion King” shaped us to learn good values, but also shaped us to be good consumers. The empire is a dangerous it leads us astray from the Kingdom of God, so even if a film is good we have to be careful and see why the empire is telling this story. And once we know why we can protect ourselves from the empire.
The Lion King
There are several messages that this movie really hammers home. Perhaps the most famous phrase from The Lion King is the "Hakuna Matata." It means 'no worries'! That is the key phrase that characters Timon and Pumba tell the young lion Simba. Simba mistakenly thinks that it is his fault for his father's death. But Timon and Pumba teach Simba the new way of thinking.
On a shallow level, "Hakuna Matata" seems to give the message that one shouldn't care about what happens; anything goes, who cares?, whatever. This could be a dangerous attitude and mindset because it encourages alack of responsibility and remorse.
But on a deeper level, it also talks about putting your past behind you. Someone (and I have no idea who) said that we cannot "...let our past mistakes define who we are." We cannot live our whole lives in a fit of self pity and dispair because of our past failures, but we must rise up and start anew; second chance.
And a second chance is what Simba gets. He gets a second chance at reclaiming a past friendship with Nala, a second chance to return to his friends and his family, and most importantly perhaps, to ascend Pride Rock and reclaim his rightful place as King.
This movie can be tied to God's Kingdom in many ways. I think that this movies "circle of life" idea can be associated to the "shalom" of God's Kingdom. This movie got it right because it shows how things are supposed to be; times of peace and prosperity and justice. In God's Kingdom there will be "shalom" and in this movie, there was always a push for things to be the way they are supposed to be.
This movie can somewhat be tied to the empire in that honestly, everything is not as it should be all the time. What with a power-hungry Uncle Scar who will stop at nothing to gain power, hyenas invading the Pride Lands, famine and drought, there is much work to be done as far as restoration and healing are concerned.
And thats not even to get into Simba's personal problems. He feels unready; unworthy. He feels ashamed of his past and struggles with who he was meant to be. Thankfully, he does finally find redemption and is able to take his place in the "circle of life".
Mean Girls
The Mission
The artifact that I chose was a movie. The movie was called, “The Mission” and it was playing in the Fine Arts Center. The movie is about a Jesuit Priest who is setting up missions around the Spanish states. He then moves deep into the South American Jungle to start another mission for the GuaranĂ Indians. At the beginning there is a man named Rodrigo who goes into these jungles and captures the native Indians and makes them as slave. When Rodrigo went back to his home town to sell the natives, he ended up getting into a large fight over a girl with his brother and ends up killing him. Because he killed his brother he felt so much shame and ended up going to the church. Father Gabriel decides that Rodrigo should travel to the mission and as his punishment carries a large sack of armor with him. They reach the mission and Rodrigo falls in love with the people. However, there is controversy as to whether the missions should stay or not, and in the end, the court decides to destroy all the missions. However, the mission deep in the jungles, where Rodrigo is decides to fight back. The entire mission gets destroy and the Spanish and Portugal people end up killing all the people who were in the mission. Even though the movie is very sad, at the end we see a little bit of hope. There is a small canoe filled with about six young children, which leaves us to belief that the mission and the Guarani Indians will continue.
This movie can be related to the class because we see that at the end of the movie the empire ends up winning. We can also relate it to the “engaging Gods Word” text. In that book we here about the creation, fall, and redemption. In the movie we see the missions being create and working well, and then we see the entire mission and everything that the priests had created be destroy. However, in the end we see a glimpse of redemption with a generation of young Guarani Indians who survived the attacks on them.
Golden Globe Awards
Overall, the ceremony was a great display and recognition of the talent and diversity in God’s Kingdom. From the intricate dress designs to the variety of film and TV shows that received awards, it is obvious how much talent from God was at the award show. In order to produce such masterpieces, creativity and imagination were definitely necessary. It also showed that excellence and creativity are not limited to the United States and acknowledges the many cultures from around the world and the community that is formed when they all come together at the award ceremony.
As I was reading the Redemption chapter of Plantinga’s book, I came across this question: “Is it fraudulent for advertisers to sell us products by way of ads that titillate rather than inform?” (p. 101). In other words commercials these days attempt to get at our emotions and feelings to grab out attention rather than really being truthful to us as consumers which can certainly be misleading. I found that this was especially relevant to the commercials that showed during the award ceremony. For example, there were several credit card ads that gave no information on APR or the like that could prevent a viewer from choosing that credit card. Instead, it only showed what a person can get when he or she uses the credit card and promotes that money and spending money always equals happiness. It provides a false image for credit cards and neglects to address the fact that credit cards must be paid off. Similarly, a Cadillac commercial used a Grey’s Anatomy actress to try to lure in customers who admire her or the luxury that she presents as she drives the car. These commercials encourage us as humans in the empire to consume and buy unnecessary things and imply that this will lead to happiness.
V for Vendetta
I thought that the movie was an extremely good example of Empire and how it can get out of control without really realizing it. The movie was interesting in that it was a story told from the point of view of the ‘other,’ rather than the dominate culture that typically writes history. As the movie progresses, the viewer learns more and more of how the government has actually deceived people to attain the level of power that the chancellor has.
I’m sure that people who have seen this movie or even know a little bit about it often think of the illusion to World War II and Nazi Germany. The government uses red and black flags and has a symbol that is very similar to a cross. The chancellor is also a very passionate, charismatic speaker- similar to Hitler. He is responsible for several horrible biological weapon attacks, and has the ability to cure the virus (which is how he becomes chancellor). He then uses the media to reinforce his vision of what a country should be. Their motto is extremely religious and reads, “Strength through unity, unity through faith.” The government uses a story of how ‘Godless America’ has turned into a ‘leper colony’ because things descended into chaos, this reinforces the idea that not only is the British government superior, but also that God is on their side and they are doing things the right way. The government constructs an extremely regimented and controlled society. Everyone has curfews and is monitored in everything that they do.
I think that one of the things that this movie does really well is to show how easily an empire can use the media, and subsequently stories in pop culture to reinforce views without questioning them. The empire teaches that different is dangerous- thus justifying their genocide of other races, sexual orientations, religions, etc. It teaches the general population to be complacent because if they start questioning things or try to do something different, everything will fall into chaos.
Then V comes along and messes up everything. He takes over a TV station and plays an extremely empowering video to the people of Britain. He explains how the empire has used fear and conformity to control the people beyond what they should ever allow, and that people have the power to change things back to what they should be.
This movie has some very encouraging Kingdom values within it. I think that it shows how it is important to stand up for what you believe in, even if that means dying for that belief. It also shows how it is important to question things and to not be just another mindless consumer lost in the mainstream. The movie offers a hope to those oppressed by the empire and allows them an alternative view of life that is possible.
One of my critiques of the movie is that V believes that violence can be used for good to bring justice to those responsible for the horrendous crimes against their own people. However, in the end V almost seems apologetic for what he has done. Evey teaches him how to love again. I think that this is an extremely powerful scene because it shows how love can even change the heart of a ‘terrorist’ and that redemptive violence does not solve everything.
Anberlin
Before the concert I got a chance to go to a discussion panel with the members of Anberlin. Students got a chance to interview and ask the band questions without all the media nonsense. One of the questions/topics that stood out the most to me was when one student asked why they decided to identify with the mainstream market instead of the Christian. They responded that they want to be viewed as a band of Christians not just a Christian band. They are working in the mainstream music scene to bring the hope of Christ. They don't directly profess to Christianity in their songs, but there is still evidence of their faith in the lyrics. This is a band participating in tours like the warped tour, bringing music with hope to a scene surrounded by music and people who are angry and or crying out for more. Anberlin is most definitely a band working in the Empire for the Kingdom of God.
If Anberlin were to work the Christian music market they could make a good living. The Christian music market has a lot of profit in it. Instead of pursuing the money of the Christian market the band is pursuing footholds in the empire by going mainstream. This approach is no easy one and profits aren't always the best. One member said they've done shows where at the end of the night the band was paid three hundred dollars in profit. That's not much once it gets divided up. This is evidence that this band has their priorities in line. Its not all about making it big and getting rich. They have a much higher goal in mind.
Anberlin is doing a great thing in a time when people are crying out the most. The way they hold and display themselves is very intentional. They have definitely earned my respect. Given a chance I will be seeing them again.