An online learning space for "Culture Making in the Empire," a 2013 interim course at Calvin College taught by Rob and Kirstin Vander Giessen-Reitsma. Content from previous versions of the course are also archived here.
18 January 2010
HIMYM - Cultural Artifact
There Will Be Blood (2007)
There Will Be Blood explores the ambitions and methods of a 1900’s Oil Man, Daniel Plainview. Formerly a mineral prospector, Plainview comes into contact with a whole “ocean of oil under [his] feet” after a young man, Paul Sunday, convinces him that Little Boston has oil sitting on top of the soil. The dream becomes a reality and Plainview promises Paul’s twin brother Eli a new church in exchange for the land rights of the town and surrounding areas. Within the frame work of the film, Plainview is baptized in order to create a pipe-line, H.W., Plainview’s only ‘son’, looses all hearing, and Eli commands the hearts and minds of Little Boston.
The two main characters (Eli and Plainview) of There Will Be Blood seem to be unredeemable. Through his cynicism and, even, hatred towards humanity, Daniel Plainview becomes the poster boy for Darwinism and The Empire. Eli Sunday, the pastor of an unconditionally devoted church uses properties of the Apocalypse to enthrall and build a congregation whose behaviors scream ‘cult’.
To Daniel Plainview, money is power and the means to gain wealth overpower family and religion. The oil man lies and bargains his way into the land of the unsuspecting people only to take all the resources and abandon his promises. Even the young son of a deceased worker becomes a way to show his ‘family side’ to future prospects. That son, H.W., a young boy, who he truly cares for, yet cannot let himself love because: “I have a competition in me, I want no one else to succeed.” (His son grows up and builds a rival oil business in Mexico) Plainview tears down his son and lives alone in his old age with all the wealth he has accumulated.
Eli Sunday, while using the Apocalyptic concept talked about in class, sought to destroy the will and ‘sucker punch’ people who he believes are a threat. This can be seen during the Baptism of Daniel Plainview. While the oil man only agreed to join the church to expand his wealth, Eli physically and mentally breaks his down in a grand show. Plainview is ordered to shout to the heavens the he is a Sinner and the He has abandoned his son. While both to varying extents were true, the show only gave the congregation more fuel to live burn a religious fire and brimstone.
There is so much in this Film...watch it ^.^
1. What other examples of oil can be found in today’s current society? Oil for certain is still highly prized but what has taken its place as an idol.
2. How can religious fervor become a ‘feel good drug’? Has it?
3. In the film, the pastor uses the oil money to create a new church. Does the means out way the outcome?
Mall Post
The Matrix
The film The Matrix focuses on the journey of the main character Thomas Anderson, also known under the alias as Neo (played by Keanu Reeves). Neo’s occupation is a software programmer for a respectable computer company in the year 1999. However, he works as a computer hacker in his spare time and is obsessed with researching and understanding a phenomenon known as “the matrix”.
In the film, Laurence Fishburne (Morpheus) explains the matrix to Neo as “…the world that has been pulled over your eyes to blind you from the truth…that you are a slave Neo. Like everyone else, you were born into bondage, born into a prison that you cannot smell, taste, or touch; A prison for your mind.” He further explains the matrix by calling it a “computer-generated dream world” where everyone is living under a singular consciousness designed to “keep us under control”.
In regards to material in the class, a special emphasis can be placed on the idea that the matrix is a world that has been pulled over our conscious minds to blind us from true reality. True reality according to the bible emphasizes the falleness of mankind and the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross to redeem mankind from their fallen sinful nature and to save them from suffering an eternal punishment: Permanent, eternal separation from God. Humans often focus on material objects of the world such as monetary wealth, success, or prestige. All material things of the world can be categorized as objects of a “Matrix” type realty. According to God’s word, everything on earth is of temporary value and eventually worthless compared to the salvation that saves mankind from eternal punishment and suffering. Both examples reveal mankind’s obsession with materialistic and hedonistic lifestyles/tendencies that bring about the “Matrix” type reality.
In another scene, Morpheus has journeyed into the Matrix with Neo for the first time and they visit the “real world”. This “real world” has been virtually destroyed as a result of technology, or the “machines”. The “machines” became fully functional and independent of human control as a result of A-I, or artificial intelligence. A few concepts from class exist in this scene: Elements of Modernism. 1) Belief that technology can overcome creation-humans apparently developed technology to the point where it overcame humanity, rather than just the elements of the Earth. 2) Belief in progress- that the gradual development of technology leads to well being, instead of mankind’s demise as the film suggests.
Mall Visit
After taking a visit to the mall and really observing things, I noticed how much advertising really affects us. As I walked through the store Kohls, I saw how almost everything said “sale” and was marked down in price. Was it really marked down in price? Or were they just saying that to get us to think its a good deal? I overheard a kid asking his mother if they could get an object of clothing. At first the mother said no, but the kid said, “Look at how much the original price is and how much we would be saving!” This shows how advertising can affect us, it has the power of persuasion. We believe almost everything we see and submit to it. After watching The Persuaders, this trip to the mall was much different for me because i noticed really how much advertising affects us.
Lizzie Kamp: Mall Visit
This weekend I went to Orland Square Mall. It was interesting to go and observe, instead of just shopping and walking around. It was an eye-opening experience to see how each store not only advertised, but sent a message to consumers. In each store, the lighting, music, scent, layout, etc. was unique. Hollister, for example, was dark with loud music and big pictures on the walls. They advertised through the decorations and the atmosphere of the store. JC Penny’s on the other hand, was well-lit with nice music and plenty of employees around to help. One thing that struck me was that it seemed like everything was on sale! There were many posters and signs hanging from the ceiling with a big “sale” or “clearance” written on them. After watching The Persuaders, I really noticed how much advertising is prevalent in the mall. After observing this and watching the video, I now pay more attention to advertising and realize more how much it affects my life.
Bike magazine is a magazine about, bikes. Each month a new issue comes to my door step and includes product reviews, pictures, interviews with pro riders, trail building tips, and trail reviews. The magazine is filled with advertisements of all types of bike related companies. This particular issue was the "Photoannual 2009"; it was mostly made up of pictures and the story behind each photo. There were phenomenal pictures of mountain bikers in the most remote locations. This artifact photographers use their skill to capture beautiful pictures of the riders and the nature surrounding the riders. One particular photo by a photographer named Sterling Lorence stood out to me. It was a black and white photo of a rider named Matt Hunter jumping through what looks to be a very thick partch of birch trees. The birch trees frame the rider perfectly, and the picture is intriguing because the takeoff and landing of the jump are hidden, so it leaves you guessing as to how rider got airborne. The riders are able to show their talent through the magnitude of jumps and style of the riding. There was a picture of what was called an “X” wall (shown above) in which riders did a wall ride that crossed paths, meaning the riders had to time and gauge their speed perfectly to avoid collision. Even the editors contribute through their poetic and intriguing words. The magazine is full of evidence of people using the gifts that God has given to them, through riding, photography and writing. However there is a downside to this magazine. The pages are littered with advertisers trying to prove that their product is better than the competitors. Many of the photos are of riders who are sponsored by specific brands, so each rider that shown influences to readers what is “cool” or what will make you ride better. The magazine constantly influences you feed into the idea of consumerism.
Trip to the Mall
In the first picture from American Eagle, it goes along with what we talked about, everything is about ME. It says to choose YOUR path. You are the center of attention and YOU are most important. YOU are in control of your life. It is all about YOU. Don't worry about anything else.
The second picture is from Bakers, a shoe store. Basically, don't think twice. There is a big sale here... so basically you have to buy it if it fits. That is the only criteria they are saying matters. If it fits- buy it. Don't let this deal pass you by!
Mall as Religion
I visited the mall during one of the busiest times of the day, lunch. The mall draws in so many people for a consumer frenzy that a food court is in order just so those shopping can refuel their bodies and continue their exciting shopping endeavors. Each sign at the food court was more vibrant than the last. Their neon pigment is lit in hopes to lure hungry consumers to their food stand rather than another one. Just a simple glance around the room and anyone can conclude that this is not a place to share camaraderie with friends and family. The food being consumed
here is happening because it can be done in a fast manner, it is filling, and unhealthily delicious. Many folks in the wide and open food court didn't look too interested in who they were eating with, but rather what they were eating.
The long, white, curved ceiling was lit in a manner that made it appear holy. The lighting was faded, the edges had sharp angles, and the white appeared so pure and clean . Now, does a mall
have to be 20 feet from floor to ceiling? No, but it does create a more mesmerizing ambiance for the shopper, which is exactly what was intended. Mall architects construct them in a way that encourages the shopper to stay. Good lighting, interesting sculptures or fixtures, bright signs. They all are attempts to grab the shoppers eye and perk their interest. Bright lights are seen and spoken of in religious environments often. Jesus is described as the light of the world, in movies God is portrayed as wearing bright white linen, heaven seems to be in the sky where light beams are bursting from its parameters. Bright, pure
light is attractive to the eye and almost seems to lift one's spirits. There also are many plants and trees in the mall. They almost give the shopper a subconscious sense that they are in their natural environment. A healthy, natural, earthy environment. When the mall is realistically quite the contrary. The food court alone produces a huge amount of waist from their wrappers, plastic-ware, cups, and even the process which they go through to make the food. Not to mention the amount of trees that were torn down, earth that was converted to cement, and air that is polluted by the parking lot.
With all this said I conclude that the mall does a good job at what it intends to do, that is get shoppers to buy, buy, buy. I do not believe the mall is a place where one can attain long lasting meaningful satisfaction. The only satisfaction obtained is the brief high after buying something new, or the fulfillment after eating a triple cheeseburger with a large chocolate shake on the side-both feelings that have no long term residency, and even have the possibility of producing negative unfulfilled emotions.
Band of Brothers
The main plot is to stop the German army from taking any more countries and liberate those that Hitler has already taken. Band of Brothers focuses on many different aspects of human purposes. First off is the allied forces purpose is to stop the Axis powers from advancing and taking over Europe. The Allied's purpose was to serve as mediators to put down a tyrant in a time of need. Secondly is the role of the Axises. The Axis human purpose was to eliminate all non Aryan people and create a perfect world through the conquest of Germany. In creating the "Aryan world" the Germans would focus on killing the Jews, mentally handicapped, and gays and Lesbian people. This group of people through the perspective of the Axis's powers had no human purpose, they were put to work or just brutally killed which Band of Brothers portrays when they invade the concentration camps. It is quite clear on the origins of evil in redemption in Band of Brothers. The Allies portray the redemption and the Axis portrays the evil. Qualities of the empire that are portrayed are the following: militaristic, pain, suffering,proud, self promoting.
1. How does the Axis powers show origins of redemption in the future for what evil they had committed, and how their view of human purpose changes?
2. How did Americans react after WWII and did our action follow some of the characteristics of the kingdom of God, or were we completely contradcitory, and why/how?
A Trip to Woodland
The Hangover
The Hangover is a movie that takes place in Sin City, Las Vegas. Three groomsmen of the groom, Doug, organize a bachelor party in the wild city to say goodbye to their friend’s bachelorhood. After a wild night of partying, the boys wake up to a foggy memory of what happened the night before and to top things off, Doug is missing. Stu, Alan and Phil must race against the clock to find out what happened the night before so they can find the groom. The movie unravels the hilarious but reckless adventure of their Sin City night.
This story is of men being irresponsible and reckless all in the pursuit of having the best time possible. It shows that no matter what, having fun IS the most important thing in life. Especially before a wedding, the goal is to have the craziest and most pleasurable time possible, because after all, life ends after you get married, right? Hedonism is what drives these men. That is actually what causes all these problems. Alan just wants everyone to have a good time, so much as to put drugs into the guy’s drinks to make sure they let loose. This causes their memory to be limited and their actions to be ridiculous. Life in the empire is portrayed as the winner is the one who has the most fun, without getting caught. The wedding is a day away when they realize they can’t find Doug. In the end, since they stumble into the wedding right before it starts, they are successful. It’s not a coincidence that Las Vegas is called the Sin city, the object is to get as wild as possible, gamble, drink, do drugs. What happens in Vegas stays in Vegas is the mind set which is reinforced by Tracy’s father in the movie. People don’t have to be in Vegas in order to act like this. This is the mindset of the Empire all over the place. Do what feels right, when you want to.
1. What can we do to be aware of these actions and restrain from them?
2. We obviously don’t have to avoid places like Vegas like the plague, but what are some ways we can be responsible?
The Gospel According to Wikipedia
This past Friday as part of the annual January Series lectures,Calvin College welcomed Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia. Jimmy (or "Jimbo," as he's apparently called on the interwebs) spoke on the issue of "Democracy and the Internet." Using the political examples of China and Iran, he discussed internet censorship and the need for the free flow of information.
- Is this vision compatible or competing with the Kingdom of God?
- What might a postmodern response look like?
- Doesn't Jimmy Wales kind of look like a white Jesus?
- What if you squint your eyes and tilt your head to the left a little--how 'bout then?
- Does Jimmy Wales make the 8 lbs. 6 oz. baby Jesus cry?
It Might Get Loud
Questions for Discussion:
1. Has the invention of the electric guitar and the emergence of Rock music (and its prevalence in society today) brough society away from God?
2. Is the music of today angled more towards Kingdom qualities or Empire qualities?
3. Do you think that non-musicians, more specifically, non-guitar players could find some redemption with this documentary and how it displays the uniqueness of the three guitar players and how they use the skills God has given them?
The Mall as Temple of Worship
Sphere Preaches Humanity (*Spoilers*)
"Shattered Glass"
The Bachelor
Avatar
Last night i went to go and see the recent movie Avatar. I had already seen Avatar in the regular theater and didn't really want to watch the whole 3 hours of it again, but my friends persuaded me that it would be worth it to see it in 3d on the imax. It was definitely a much better experience watching it on the large screen in 3d, you felt totally immersed in this new world that they have created for the movie. It really is an incredible spectacle that deserves being watched on the largest screen around. The visual effects in the movie don't really get old for me and it took huge imagination to create an entirely new world that feels entirely real and possible. This movie cost a ridiculous amount to produce (It's rumored at anywhere from 250 to 500(!) million), and has already far exceeded those costs at the box office. More importantly, Avatar has pushed the boundaries of visual technology, setting a very high standard for all animated movies to live up to in the future. It has also fostered more interest in 3d technology. Someone who has always pushed the boundaries of technology, Cameron says “The ideal movie technology is so advanced that it waves a magic wand and makes itself disappear,”. James Cameron used a new kind of 3d camera that is lighter and easier to use than ones of the past and the movie is watched in digital 3d, far superior to wearing red and green cardboard glasses.
May be spoilers!
Apart from the stunning visual playground of Avatar, the movie's plot and ideas fall into a predictable pattern and are less wonderful than the film's appearance. Basically what we have is the story of Europeans coming to America and killing/enslaving the natives for their resources and land transposed onto an alien planet with blue people instead of Indians (or any other story of exploitation for material wealth). This in itself is not a bad thing and maybe is a story we need to be reminded of more, but the characters are very stereotypical and one dimensional (in contrast to the beautiful 3-d of the movie's graphics). The head of the army is your typical huge muscles, guns-first, talk later meat-head who is only interested in his company's business concerns and is always in conflict with the other side of the base which is the science division led by a lady who cares for the environment and scientific discoveries (but neither two sides truly care for or understand the indigenous population). The only character who is somewhat interesting is the lead character Jake Sully who initially works for the army, but then after he spends some time in his blue body he finds out that he has more in common with the blue people than he does with the army's orders, driving him to leave the base and eventually lead an attack against the humans. Despite being a 3 hour movie, it doesn't really discuss why Jake is willing to kill all of his fellow humans to protect an alien species, other than that he feels like he's one of them now. But despite this, Jake was in the army too and knew many of these people. The ultimate solution is to fight fire with fire and kill his former people. The plot and its twists just feel very flat and one-track throughout the film and not much effort is given to working out more creative kingdom building solutions to problems. The good characters are always good and the bad characters are always bad (with limited exceptions). It's not a very accurate portrayal of our world, which is a much more complex blend of good and evil due to the fall and man's brokenness. Despite flaws in the plot and at times boring characters, the film can completely draw you in to its visual splendor and is definitely worth seeing.
Some potential questions might be:
Can violence be justified in the defense of something vitally important to a people?
Is there ever a good reason to go to war?
Can capitalist business interests and kingdom building go hand in hand?
The Mall
On Friday we went to Woodland Mall. After Watching the movie The Persuaders, the efforts of the mall to make us buy "stuff", to associate their products with an image, and to make us feel comfortable and safe have become even more apparent to me. While woodland mall isn't quite up to the stairway-to-heaven status of mall of America, it still contains some of the temple qualities mentioned in the article we read. Woodland is shaped in a cross, with wide halls and hige ceilings. It centers around a wide open space containing a Starbucks and a variety of foliage, with light coming down from windows in the ceiling high above. The whole time you are in the mall you are confronted by a variety of different music, all of it positive and uplifting in a sort of way, designed i think to try and make you happy about your shopping experience. Different stores also have music that is tailored specifically to that store's brand image or what they want people to feel while in their store.
The picture above comes from a GAP window ad. If you can't see, it reads "the world's greatest hoodie". I just found it quite ironic that they claim to have the "world's" greatest hoodie which was made in a sweatshop by a young woman for mere cents. Perhaps it would be more appropriate to call it "America's best hoodie" since we are the ones who are consuming it for the lowest possible price and cost.
My Trip to the Mall
When I went to the mall, after I had been taught a little more about it when I had watched The Persuaders, and read more about the mall and its ways to try to be heaven on earth, I noticed more of how it really does try to do these things. I saw a car on display with a license plate that said “just4me,” showing how the mall is trying to say “yes this is just for you because you deserve it.” The mall is catering to peoples’ desires and telling them what they want to hear. “You should buy these expensive clothes because you are ‘cool’ enough to have them. You need to buy this crazy-awesome iPhone because everyone who is somebody has one.” Messages like these were clearer to me as I saw how the mall tried to get people to buy its items. I had probably noticed these attempts by the mall before, but it just seemed a lot more apparent to me after I had watched The Persuaders. I don’t think that these are bad things that should make people not want to shop at the mall, but knowing what the mall is trying to do is definitely something that should be understood, and from there, decided on if going to the mall is a positive thing for the person who is thinking about it.
District 9
For my artifact, I chose to review the film District 9 directed by Neil Blomkamp and released in the summer of 2009. This film is set in a fictional present time on Earth, where aliens have come to Earth, but have been put in slums and hated by almost all humans, becoming only creatures to be experimented on for weapons and technology.
This movie was fairly intense to watch because it is somewhat reminiscent of how African-Americans were treated by whites back in the 1800’s. The aliens are shunned and treated as lowly, stupid creatures that can be pushed around and made to do whatever the humans want. It is disturbing to see how twisted and evil people can become when given the chance to. Many of the soldiers in District 9 are terribly twisted men who relish any opportunity they can get to brutally destroy the aliens, something that happens many times throughout the film. A main character of the movie, a human, starts to undergo a physical transformation into one of the aliens; when the soldiers see him, they try to kill him, and when the government and scientists find him, they perform cruel and unusual experiments on him, treating him only as another one of the stupid alien creatures. It is a truly terrifying experience to see how messed up we can become. No alien is spared the prejudice and racism that emanates from the humans, not even the children, who are threatened with life in a square-meter box forever.
While watching District 9, I was forced to ask myself a few questions. Are we today, so different from the twisted and evil characters in the film? What would happen if aliens landed on Earth today and events played out like they do in District 9, where the aliens are forced into slums and persecuted by all humans? It was interesting to think over that. It is a question we should ask ourselves, “Are we so different? What would we do?”